Claire Kramer Mills is Director of Community Research and Insights at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. She directs the Bank’s analysis of ideas and strategies that have the potential to transform economic opportunity for low-and-moderate income families and communities. Her areas of expertise include small business finance and entrepreneurship, financial inclusion, and climate resilience and adaptation. In 2015, she initiated a national effort to gather intelligence on small business conditions, resulting in the Fed’s annual Small Business Credit Survey. Her work has been covered in the Financial Times, Wall Street Journal, New York Times, CNN, Washington Post, Businessweek, Inc., American Banker, and Marketplace. Ms. Kramer Mills has been an invited speaker at the White House, U.S. Treasury Department, Federal Reserve Board of Governors, U.S. Small Business Administration, Aspen Institute, and U.S. Chamber of Commerce. Ms. Kramer Mills holds a PhD in political science from Duke University and graduated summa cum laude with a B.A. in Government from Franklin & Marshall College.